08 法学行管等专业学位英语真题(阅读)讲解

北京地区成人高等教育本科学生英语统一考试试题（一）
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　　04.11
Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage: (
　　76) The agriculture revolution (
　　3)in the nineteenth century involved two things: the 19 世纪的农业革命包括两个方面: 发明节省劳力的机器和发展科技农业 invention 世纪的农业革命包括两个方面两个方面 of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. "In Europe, (
　　1)said Thomas Jefferson, "(
　　2)the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant". It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude (粗糙的) plow, (
　　4)farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. (
　　77) By 18
　　60，most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. 到 1860 年 , 现在使用的大多数机械都已设计出雏形 . The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would home none of (
　　5)it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.
　　1. The word "here" (Para. 1, Line
　　6) refers to. A. Europe B. America
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C. New Jersey
D. Indiana

　　2. Which of the following statement is NOT true? A. The need for labor helped the invention of machinery in America. B. The farmer rejected Charles Newbolt's plow for fear of ruin of their fields. C. Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery. D. It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced.
　　3. The passage is mainly about. A. the agriculture revolution B. the invention of labor-saving machinery C. the development of scientific agriculture D. the farming machinery in America
　　4. At the opening of the nineteenth-century, farmers in America. A. preferred light tools B. were extremely self-reliant (自给的) C. had many tools D. had very few tools
　　5. It is implied but not stated in the passage that . A. there was a shortage of workers on American farms B. the most important of the early invention was the iron plow C. after 1869, many people devoted their attention to the plow D. Charles Newbolt had made a fortune by his cast-iron plow Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: By adopting a few simple techniques, parents who read to their children can greatly (
　　7) increase their children's language development. It is surprising but true. (
　　78) How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the children's language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the child's language skills increase. (
　　6)父母如何与孩子交谈在孩子语言技能父母如何与孩子交谈在孩子语言技能发展方面起很大作用.如果父母鼓励孩子积极应对他们所读的东西发展方面起很大作用如果父母鼓励孩子积极应对他们所读的东西, 孩子的语言技如果父母鼓励孩子积极应对他们所读的东西能就会提高. 能就会提高
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A study was done with 30 three-year-old children and their parents. Half of the children participated in the experimental study; the other half acted as the control group. In the experimental group, the parents were given a two-hour training (
　　9) session in which they were taught to ask (
　　8) open-ended questions rather than yes-or-no questions. For example, the parent should ask, "What is the doggie doing?" rather than "Is the doggie running away?" (
　　79) The parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how to suggest alternative possibilities and how to praise correct answers. 实验组的家长们也接受以下培训怎样帮助孩子去找到答案实验组的家长们也接受以下培训: 怎样帮助孩子去找到答案; 如何暗示选择的可能性(可选性回答正确后怎么表扬、鼓励等. 如何暗示选择的可能性可选性);回答正确后怎么表扬、鼓励等可选性回答正确后,怎么表扬 At the beginning of the study, the children did not differ in measures of language development, but at the end of one month, the children in the experimental group showed
　　5.5 months ahead of the control group on a test of verbal expression and vocabulary. Nine months later, the children in the experimental group still showed an advance of 6 months over the children in the control group.
　　6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Children who talk a lot are more intelligent. B. Parents who listen to their children can teach them more. C. Active children should read more and be given more attention. D. Verbal ability can easily be developed with proper methods.
　　7. What does "it" in line 2 can most probably be replaced by? A. Parents increasing children's language development B. Reading techniques being simple C. Parents reading to children D. Children's intelligence development
　　8. According to the author, which of the following questions is the best type to ask children about? A. Do you see the elephant? C. What animals do you like? A. the training that parents received B. the age of the children C. tile books that were read
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B. Is the elephant in the cage? D. Shall we go to the zoo?

　　9. The difference between the control group and the experimental group was .
D. the number of the children
　　10. The best conclusion we can draw from the passage is that . A. parents should be trained to read to their children B. the more children read, the more intelligent they will become C. children's language skills increase when they are required to respond actively D. children who read actively seem six months older Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: In the United States, (
　　12) 30 percent of the adult population has a (
　　11)"weight problem". To many people, the cause is obvious: they eat too much. But scientific evidence does (
　　13) little to support this idea. Going back to the America of the 1910s, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically,(
　　14) walked more, used machines much less and didn't watch television. Several modem studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people do not eat more on the average than thinner people. In fact, some investigations, such as the 1979 study of 3, 545 London office workers, report that, on balance, fat people eat less than slimmer people. Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University School of Medicine found the following interesting facts: The more the men ran, the more body fat they lost. The more they ran, the greater amount of food they ate.(
　　80) Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat. 因此那些运动量越大的人吃的越多同时耗费因此. 那些运动量越大的人,吃的越多吃的越多, 掉的体内脂肪也就越多. 掉的体内脂肪也就越多
　　11. The physical problem that many adult Americans have is that. A. they are too slim C. they are too fat "weight problem". A. 30 B. 50 C. 100 D. 150 B. they work too hard D. they lose too much body fat

　　12. According to the article, given 500 adult Americans, people will have a

　　13. Is there any scientific evidence to support that eating too much is the cause of a "weight problem"?
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A. Yes, there is plenty of evidence. B. Of course, there is some evidence to show this is true. C. There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this. D. We don't know because the information is not given.
　　14. In comparison with the adult American population today, the Americans of the 1910s . A. ate more food and had more physical activities B. ate less food but had more activities C. ate less food and had less physical exercise D. had more weight problems
　　15. Modern scientific researches have reported to us that . A. fat people eat less food and are less active B. fat people eat more food than slim people and are more active C. fat people eat more food than slim people but are less active D. thin people run less, but have greater increase in food intake Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
　　16. , we decided to leave at once, as we didn't want to risk missing the bus. A. As it being pretty late C. It was being pretty late B. It being pretty late (独立主格结构独立主格结构) 独立主格结构 D. Being pretty late

　　17. was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. A. What（引导主语从句）（引导主语从句） B. That C. Which D. As

　　18. Mr. Smith, together with his wife and children, going to the party this weekend. A. am B. is（主谓一致）（主谓一致） C. are D. will
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　　19. Would you mind the computer game in your room? A. him playing C. him to play B. his playing（动名词作宾语）（动名词作宾语） D. him play

　　20. By next year he in New York for five years. A. has worked C. works B. has been working D. will have worked（将来完成时）（来完成时）

　　21. Henry is often seen English aloud every morning in the classroom. A. read C. reading B. reads D. to read（不定式作宾语）（不定式作宾语）

　　22. Without heat and sunlight, plants on the earth well. A. would not grow（与现在事实相反的虚拟语气） B. will not grow （与现在事实相反的虚拟语气） C. had not grown D. would not be grown

　　23. Only recently to deal with the environmental problems. A. something has done C. has something been done（倒装）（倒装） B. has something done D. something has been done

　　24. The question at the meeting tomorrow is very important. A. to discuss C. to be discussed（不定式的被动式）（不定式的被动式） B. being discussed D. will be discussed

　　25. Since this road is wet and slippery this morning, it last night. A. must rain C. must have rained（表示有把握的推测）（表示有把握的推测） B. was raining D. may rain

　　26. The mother didn't know to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. A. who（该责怪谁）（该责怪谁） B. when C. how D. what

　　27. I believe that every crime, the circumstance, should be severely punished. A. in spite of（不管）（不管） C. instead of B. because of D. on account of（因为）（因为）
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　　28. The workers are busy models for the exhibition. A. to make C. being making B. with making（忙于做什么）（忙于做什么） D. making

　　29. Yesterday Mr. Smith gave a vivid of his recent visit to China. A. dialogue B. idea C. tale（故事）（故事） D. account（描述）（描述）

　　30. The definition leaves for disagreement. A. a small room C. great deal room B. much room（很大空间 / 余地）余地）（ D. not so big a room

　　31. By the time you arrive this evening, for two hours. A. I will study C. I had studied B. I will have been studied D. I will have been studying（将来完成进行时）（将来完成进行时）

　　32. I would have joined him in a picnic, but I his company. A. will not like C. had not liked B. don't like（混合虚拟语气）（混合虚拟语气） D. might not like

　　33. Let's finish our homework in a few seconds; it's time we . A. played football（虚拟语气）（虚拟语气） C. play football B. will play football D. are playing football

　　34. at Harvard, he began again to write his essay. A. Busy was as he C. Busy as he was（倒装）（倒装） B. Busy as was he D. As was he busy

　　35. Pierre often makes himself by gesturing with his hands. A. to understand C. to be understood B. understanding D. understood（过去分词表示被动）（过去分词表示被动）

　　36. The bridge was named the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people. A. after（以……命名）命名）（命名 B. for C. because of D. before
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　　37. There was a large crowd in the square against the war. A. protecting B. protesting（抗议）（抗议） C. preventing D. promoting

　　38. We have to the government for a

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