2010年高考高考英语语法复习课件-情态动词[1].ppt

情态动词 modal verbs

　　1.--Is John coming by train? --He should, but he not. He likes driving his car. (2002高考题) 高考题) 高考题 A. must B. can C. need D. may
　　2.It has been announced that candidates(候选人候选人) 候选人 remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海高考题) (2002上海高考题) 上海高考题 A. can B.will C. may D. shall
　　3.--I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. (2002北京高考题) 北京高考题) 北京高考题 --It true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. won't be C. couldn't be D. mustn't be
can could may might shall should must will would ought to have to dare (daren't) need (needn't) used to
表示推测
情态动词
不表示推测
I daren't ask her for a rise. 我不敢请求她加薪我不敢请求她加薪. How did you dare to tell her that? I wonder whether he dare stand up in public. I don't know how she dares to wear that dress. Do you need any help? I wonder whether he need send it immediately. I need hardly tell you that the work is dangerous. The garden doesn't need watering at the moment. You needn't finish that work today.
可兼做行为动词的情态动词: 可兼做行为动词的情态动词:need , dare 情态动词 (+动词原形) 行为动词

　　1.无人称和数的变化
　　1.无人称和数的变化; 无人称和数的变化多用于肯定句; 多用于肯定句
　　2.尤其用于尤其用于: need
　　2.尤其用于: (sb.) need to do 否定句及疑问句中; *否定句及疑问句中; dare to do if/whether之后之后; *在if/whether之后; . (sth.) need to be 或与hardly never, hardly, *或与hardly, never, one, nobody连用连用; no one, nobody连用; done dare
　　3.常以needn't daren't 常以needn
　　3.常以needn t 和daren t (sth.) need doing 的形式出现; 的形式出现;
　　4.dare有其过去时dared. 有其过去时dared
　　4.dare有其过去时dared.
判断正误: 判断正误 How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing? He daren't to speak English before such a crowd, did he? He daren't speak English before such a crowd, dare he?
Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease. Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease. These dishes need be cleaned carefully. These dishes need to be cleaned carefully. These dishes need cleaning carefully.
注意对need问句的回答问句的回答: 注意对问句的回答 --Need I finish the work today? --Yes, . you must No, . you needn't No, . you don't have to
needn't 对其它情态动词的回答对其它情态动词的回答: --Shall I tell John about it? --No, you . needn't (don't have to)
--Must we do it now? --No, you . needn't (don't have to)
表示推测??情态动词的重要用法. 情态动词的重要用法. 表示推测情态动词的重要用法

　　1. You must be Mr SmithI was told to expect you here.
　　2. He must have known what we wanted.
　　3. We may have read the same report.
　　4. He can't have slept through all that noise.
　　5. There's someone outsidewho can it be?
　　6. What can they be doing?
　　7. These pills might help to cure your disease.
　　8. You could be right, I suppose.
表示推测??情态动词的重要用法. 情态动词的重要用法. 表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词肯定的推测对将来对现在对过去
+ V. 常见must be must/should 常见可能的推测 + V.
+ V. + have done + be doing
may, might
否定的推测
+ V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示可能不" 表示" 可以用表示"可能不" + V. + be doing + V. + be doing + have done
can't, couldn't
+V.
疑问的推测
+ V.
+ have done
can, could
may
　　1. I don't know where she is, she be in Wuhan. must be marking
　　2. At this moment, our teacher our exam papers. 这时,我们老师想必在批改试卷. 这时,我们老师想必在批改试卷. must have rained
　　3. The road is wet. It last night. (rain) must have been looking
　　4. Your mother for you. 你妈妈一定一直在找你. 你妈妈一定一直在找你.
may (might) have been hurt
　　5. Philip seriously in the car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤
　　6. Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. may (might) have gone She (go) by bus.
　　7. Mike his car, for he came to can't have found work by bus this morning. 迈克一定还没有找回他的车, 迈克一定还没有找回他的车,因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的. 公共汽车来上班的.
高考考题: 高考考题 B
　　1. I thought you like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must D
　　2. Where is my pen? I it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost B
　　3. I didn't hear the phone. I asleep A. must be C. should be B. must have been D. should have been

　　4. There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. It a comfortable journey D A. can't be C. mustn't have been B. shouldn't be D. couldn't have been

　　5. It's nearly seven o'clock . Jack be here at C any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. could
不同的"肯定"程度可按下列层次排列: 不同的"肯定"程度可按下列层次排列: He is at home. (事实事实) 事实 He must be at home.(非常肯定的推断) (非常肯定的推断) He could be at home.(很可能) (很可能) He ought to be at home.(很可能) (很可能) He may be at home.(仅仅可能而已) (仅仅可能而已) He might be at home.(或许非常不确定) (或许, 非常不确定) He might not be at home.(也许不在家) (也许不在家) He may not be at home. (比might可能) 可能) 可能 He couldn't be at home.(很可能不在家) (很可能不在家) He can't be at home.(一定不在家) (一定不在家) He isn't at home.(事实) (事实)
在不表示推测的情态动词中, 我们要注意以下考点: 在不表示推测的情态动词中我们要注意以下考点
　　1. 表示能力,许可的情态动词的用法. 表示能力,许可的情态动词的用法.
　　2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法. 表示否定的情态动词的用法.
　　3. shall 和 will 的多种意义的区别. 的多种意义的区别.
　　4. 情态动词短语的使用. 情态动词短语的使用.
　　5. 虚拟语气中情态动词的使用. 虚拟语气中情态动词的使用.

　　1. 表示能力,许可的情态动词的用法. 表示能力,许可的情态动词的用法. 表示能力: 表示能力 can, could, be able to *be able to 能用于各种时态. 能用于各种时态各种时态. can / could 只能表示现在或过去的能力. 只能表示现在过去的能力现在或的能力. *was / were able to : "设法做成某事" 设法做成某事" 设法做成某事相当于 managed to do sth. succeeded in doing sth.. .
A
　　1. A computer think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. can't C. may not B. couldn't D. might not

　　2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly D but everyone get out. A. had to C. could B. would D. was able to

　　3. They will run this machine on their D own in three months. A. can B. could C. may D. be able to
A
　　4. That big cinema seat 2,000 people. A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able to
表示许可: 表示许可 may / might, can / could * might, could 比较委婉一般多用于疑问句比较委婉一般多用于疑问句委婉, 疑问句. * can, may 表达的语言比较随便表达的语言比较随便. * 在以在以could, might 表示征询对方意见表示征询对方意见或表示请求时,回答应相应使用can, may. 表示请求时回答应相应使用

　　5. ? Could I borrow your dictionary? C ? Yes, of course you . A. might B. will C. can D. should

　　6. ? Might I watch TV after supper? A ? Yes, you . A. may B. must C. might D. can

　　2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法表示否定的情态动词的用法: 部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一. 之一. mustn't needn't can't 不准, 不准禁止没必要 ( = don't have to ) 不能; 不能不可能
may not 不可以可能不不可以; shouldn't 不应该 ( = ought not to )
C
　　7. You return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. may not B
　　8. Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself. A. won't ; can't C. shouldn't ; must B. mustn't ; may D. can't ; shouldn't

　　9. --Will you stay for lunch? --Sorry, . My brother is coming to see me. B A. I mustn't C. I needn't C -- . A. No, you needn't B. Not, please. B. I can't D. I won't

　　10. --May I pick a flower in the garden?
C. No, you mustn't D. No, you won't

　　3. 情态动词:shall, will 的多种意义情态动词: 的多种意义: shall / will+ 动词原形动词原形: * 均可表示将来. 过去时为 should, would. 均可表示将来. * shall 可表示必须,命令, 警告或征询意见可表示必须,命令, 警告或征询意见.
* will 可表示意愿,常出现的动作,在疑问句表示意愿,常出现的动作,
中表示请求和建议. 中表示请求和建议

　　11. He shall be punished if he disobeys. 如果他不服从, 就要受到惩罚. 如果他不服从就要受到惩罚 will
　　12. We are not going to quarrel at all if you only let me speak. 只要你让我说话, 我们根本就不会吵架只要你让我说话我们根本就不会吵架. B
　　13. --Sir, he go or stay? --Let him go. A. will B. shall C. might D. could

　　14. The door open. won't 这门经常打不开. 这门经常打不开 D
　　15. Ronald stay in his small garden for a long time every day in the past. A. could B. might C. should D. would
　　16. You have the book after I read it. shall 我看完以后一定把这本书给你. 我看完以后一定把这本书给你

　　4. 情态动词短语的使用情态动词短语的使用: would like to do… would rather do… would rather + 从句 would prefer to do... had better do...
改错: 改错
　　1. Would you like having some tea? Would you like to have some tea?
　　2. I'd prefer going to the lecture this evening. I'd prefer to go to ...
　　3. I'd rather you to go to the meeting. … you went to ...
　　4. He would rather to die than to give in. He would rather die than give in.
　　5. You'd better to have your hair cut today. You'd better have ...

　　5. 用于虚拟语气的情态动词用于虚拟语气的情态动词: should might could would needn't ought to
情态动词考题: 情态动词考题
　　1. Put on more clothes. You C with only a shirt on. A. can B. could C. must
be feeling cold D. would

　　2. "Must I drive to his house and pick up the children?" "No, C ." A. you shouldn't C. you needn't
B. you might not D. you mustn't

　　3. We didn't see Tom at the meeting yesterday. He B it. A. mustn't have attended B. cannot have attended C. needn't have attended D. would have not attended
　　4. We A play chess than bridge. Some of us
don't know how to play bridge. A. had better B. would better C. would rather D. had rather

　　5. There is someone knocking at the door. it be Tom? A. can B. must
A
C. should D. ought to

　　6. Two year ago, my husband bought me a bicycle. If you live in town, it is often faster than a car and you D worry about parking. B. may not D. don't have to A. must not C. should not
Good-bye!

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