2010年上海交通大学英语培训语法班-5

Speaker: Ardil Abdukerim
English Grammar
月 5年 0 1 0 2 学大通交海上
Quick Review
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I watch movies everyday. I am watching a movie. I have watched an interesting movie. I have been watching movies for two days. I watched a movie yesterday. I was watching a movie when he came in. I had already watched that movie before he recommended. I had been watching TV for hours before he entered. I will watch a lot of movies during the summer vacation. I will be watching that movie once I finish my work. I will have watched all the movies by the next month. I will have been watching movies for 10 days tomorrow. Yesterday I hoped I would watch that movie today. I thought I would be watching that movie after the class. I would have watched the movie if he did not come to me. I would have been watching movies for 10 hours continuously if my mom did not stop me.
行进成完来将去过成完来将去过行进来将去过来将去过行进成完来将成完来将行进来将来将般一行进成完去过成完去过行进去过去过般一行进成完在现成完在现行进在现在现般一
主动语态 vs. 被动语态
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S+Vt+O
O + be + Vt过去分词 +by S
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被动语态的另一种被动形式：被动语态的另一种被动形式：
S
+ Have
Get
+O
+V
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词分去过词分去过词分去过词分去过
语宾）或（语宾）或（语宾）或（语宾）或（
语主语主语主语主
“have+ ”
+
”
“be+
过过过过
He is delighted joyful satisfied content exasperat ed =angry worried sad dejected sorrowful distracted =mad animated =cheerful disheartened gloomy
）思意动被许少有只或思意动被有没式形动被的态状示表（．）＝（，）（，）＝（，）（，）（，）（－，）（．）＝（－，）（，）（，）＝（－，）（，）（，）＝（，）＝（）思意动主有都式形动被的词动绪情示，）（，）（，）＝（，）（＝（，）＝（表数多（．）＝（，）－，）＝（
带主动意思的被动形式
He is exhausted weary married not single pinched =poor reserved =modest puffed up vain unrestrained =free untrained =ignorant distin guished famous It is untarnished =clean un touched =intact untrodden =pathless unsettled =unstable deserted lonely complicated =not simple burnished bright
：式形动被种两这的中句型类种面下较比试。别差些有词分去：式形动被种两这的中句型类种面下较比试。别差些有词分去：式形动被种两这的中句型类种面下较比试。别差些有词分去：式形动被种两这的中句型类种面下较比试。别差些有词分去和思意其但，式形动被种一另是词分去过）词代（词名和思意其但，式形动被种一另是词分去过）词代（词名和思意其但，式形动被种一另是词分去过）词代（词名和思意其但，式形动被种一另是词分去过）词代（词名
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He wrote a letter A letter was written He had a letter written
．．．．－－．．－－．．）词动物及（）词动物及（．．）词动物及（）词动物及（）的写人别请他（．）的写人别请他（．）出说未的写谁（．）出说未的写谁（．）出说未的写谁（．）出说未的写谁（．）写己自他（．）写己自他（．）词动物及（）词动物及（）写己自他（．）写己自他（．）词动物及（）词动物及（
John repaired a watch ?A watch was re paired ?John had a watch repaired
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：思意动主有式形动被些有：思意动主有式形动被些有：思意动主有式形动被些有：思意动主有式形动被些有
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．／：的要必是构结时）生发（／）生发（／）在存（为意当，的行可是都）构结词名＋和构结词名即（构结子句种两述上。口门在站察警个两有．：致一它和须必就上数在词动，数复是词名该果如。词名的后之词动在跟是却语主的正真但，语主是像然虽：意注。）口门在站察警位一有（说常通但，）察警位一着站口门（说以可。构结词名＋用常通，时语主的词动作词名的物或人的定不示表
be be A policeman is at the door There is a policeman at the door There is a mistake There are mistakes in this translation exist there There are two policemen at the door +be happen there be+ takeplace there be+ there
There＋be+名词结构＋名词结构
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时态
There will have been 10 earthquakes by next month.
时态
There had been 10 races before last Sunday.
I though there would be 100 people at the meeting.
I guessed There would have been 10 earthquakes by last Sunday.
）（．
There were hundreds of people on the beach
．
There will be plenty of room for everyone
．
－
有没行进成完来将
有没行进来将去过
来将去过有没行进成完去过
成完来将去过有没行进来将去过
来将般一有没行进成完在现
成完来将有没行进来将
成完去过有没行进去过
成完在现有没行进在现去过般一
在现般一
There is book on the floor.
There have been several break ins this year
R
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时态
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There+Be从句从句
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Reporting Clause
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从句 Relative Clause
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: who which that … When, Why, Where, Whom, …………….
系关示表，）个一哪（，）么什（问发）体全（，）余其（，）些一（数定不表，）个那（，）些这（，）个这（物人指，）它（，）他（，）她（，）你（，）我（物人表代
,
: : : :
,I , this , some , what
you she these other which
he that all …
it … …
…
，，，词代系关词代问疑词代定不词代示指词代称人

　　1）定语从句）
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Defining Relative Clause 限定性从句
这类从句修饰前面的名词，使其有别于其他同类名词。这类从句对清楚了解所修饰名词的特征是必不可少的：
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分裂句：＋名词／分裂句：it＋be+名词／代词限定性关系从句名词代词+限定性关系从句
．
。好不况路是不而，驶行速超是常的祸车成造，：语主称人非指于用常）酒啤是不（。酒萄葡红是的要们我．
It was wine that we ordered
that It’s speed that causes accidents not bad roads
．
It’s the manager that we want to see
正是
，时语宾切一他其指于用。用常更
比要
）克杰或尔比是不（。们我了助帮姆汤是．
It was 'Ann that I saw .
It was 'Tom who helped us
：的确，时词名有专是语宾样那文上如）丽玛是不（。安是的见看我。理经是的见要们我
that
who
that
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Non-Defining Relative Clause 非限定性从句
A非限定性关系从句位于确定的名词之后。因此它对这类名词不作限定性描述，仅对该词作进一步说明作为补充而已。它不同于限定性关系从句，在句中并非必不可少，即使省略也不会引起意义上的混乱。它不同于限定性关系从句之处还在于它与被说明的名词之间用逗号隔开。非限定性关系从句中的关系代词绝对不能省略。这种句子结构相当正规，在书面语中用得比口语中多。

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英语培训

英语学习乐园

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