高中英语考点精析精练：细节事实(阅读理解)

高考资源网（ks5u.com）命题点 1 细节事实本类考题解答锦囊
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细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就能得分，属于低层次题。而语义理解题须将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换才能得出结论。这类题目要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。这种题属于中档层次题。在历年高考题中占大多数。细节事实类题型多种多样，但有一些常见的方式：
　　1．Which of the following is true／false／mentioned?
　　2．What does the writer iter pay least attenti on to?
　　3．Choose the right order of the events given in the passage．
　　4．A1l the following statements are not true(true)except
　　5．Which of the following gmaps／diagrams gives the right position of．．? ．一篇文章有了它所涉及的中心思想，即话题，确定了要表达的中心思想，还必须通过许多细节的信息来进一步解释或表达主题体现中心思想，因此细节是一篇文章的大部分篇幅，也是考生阅读过程中需要理解的主要内容，在阅读测试中，这类试题占大部分。解题步骤：
　　1．通读全文，即以最快速度读完全文。目的让考生对文章内容结构有一个总体了解。
　　2．读题干，弄懂其含义。
　　3．带着题干问题重读文章。用查读法(scannin
　　8)，快速扫描文章，查找与设问内容相关的词语或句子，借助于同义词或同义结构；当题目涉及到时间、距离，以及其他用数字表示的细节时，有时需要计算才能得出答案。 Ⅰ 高考最新热门题
　　1.(典型例题卷) Help Wanted PNINTER must have at least ane 3 new years painting Help Wanted
SECRETARY Part-time position available in friendl required.High pay .Various duties.Apply(申请)at East
experience,Commercial
construction
office. Good typing and general office skills.Some we
work.$10/hr.Immediate opening.Call43592 典型例题 history.
Help Wanted Side Management,500Park Drive,DeWitt,NY,132
　　14. VETERINARIAN ASSIS TANT ( 兽医助理 )Person needed for busy animal hospital. Some nights and weekends.Spply in person to Johnson-Marks Animal Hospital,4 典型例题 Road, Syracuse,NY.132
　　24.After4p.m. only please.
Help Wanted NURSES’ASSISTANTS Full-time 53476
　　18. COOK NEEDED and part-time home.High positions Call modernnuisring pay. Mrs.
available
Downes,
immediately.Busy downtown restaurant.M
good and dependable.Experience preferred.Weekends req Call 324-98
　　17.
Help Wanted SALESPERSON Experienced.Must have some Knowledge of men’s clothing industry. Available to word evenings and some Saturdays.Send resume (个人简历 )to:Martin’s Apparel.237 Rockledge St.Syracuse,NY132
　　24.
Help Wanted
HOTEL needs part-time FRONT DESK CLERK.No exper
necessary.Excellent people and phong skills a must.
computer skills helpful. $13/hr. Call:Mr.Jones 357-28
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高考资源网（ks5u.com）
您身边的高考专家
TEACHER
small
private
school
needs
English
and
math
teachers.Must have BS degree and at least 4 years teaching experience.Send resume to:Wales Charter School 19 South 8 th St,NY 132
　　14.

　　1. lf you are interested in working in a hotel, call. A. 435 92 典型例题 C. 324 9817 B. 534--7618 D. 357--2897

　　2. If you want to get a job as a math teacher, send your resume to. A. 237 Rockledge St. , Syracuse, NY. 13224 B. 4 典型例题 Road, Syracuse, NY. 13224 C. 500 Park Drive, Dewitt, NY. 13214 D. 19 south 8th St. NY. 13
　　21.1
　　3. If you dislike working on Sundays, being ashould be your best choice. A. cook C. salesperson A. Martin's Apparel B. East Side Management C. Wales Charter School Johnson--Marks Animal Hosptal 命题目的与解题技巧：这是一则广告题。目的是考查生是否看懂招聘广告。解答这类题的技巧在于：首先看请题干，带着问题从原文搜索答案。属于细节题中的直接理解题，只要把问题与原文挂购即可较容易地得到答案。【解析】本文属广告类题材，文字难度适中。但需注意的是，广告类文章尤其是招聘类广告，其语句经常缺少成分。不过问题设计比较简单，可以从文中直接找到答案。【答案答案】
　　1．D．细节题，最后一则广告是招聘旅馆前台接待员，电话是 357?28
　　97．答案
　　2．D. 细节题。第七则广告是一所私立学校招聘教师。据此可以选出答案。
　　3．C. 细节题。从选项中排除：招聘秘书、厨师和兽医助理的广告片要求在周末工作，只有销售人员要求晚上工作。
　　4．B. 细节题。在招聘秘书的广告中要求有办公技能，且投递申请要在 East SldeManagement。故选答案 B。
　　2.(典型例题卷) Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee (裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don't care much about who wins or' loses, and it doesn't seem to worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. ~They also enjoy games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself. Grown-ups can hardly find children's games exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to some- one of whom he is ordinarily afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in par- ticular games that B. secretary D. veterinarian assistant

　　4. If you want to get a job at, you must have office skills.
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it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a b 典型例题 ually at someone, or to kiss some- one he has caught. It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their controk Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that everychild has a chance to win.
　　1. What is true about children when they play games? A. They can stop playing any time they like. B. They can test their personal abilities. C. They want to pick a better team. D. They don't need rules.
　　2. To become a leader in a game, the child has to . A. play well B. wait for his turn C. be confident in himself D. be popular among his playmates
　　3. What do we know about grown-ups? A. They are not interested in games. B. They find children's games too easy. C. They don't need a reason to play games. D. They don't understand children's games.
　　4. Why does a child like playing games? A. Because he can be someone other than himself. B. Because he can become popular among friends. C. Because he finds he is always lucky in games. D. Because he likes the place where he plays a game.
　　5. The writer believes that. A. children should make better rules for their games B. children should invite grown-ups to play with them C. children's games can do them a lot of good D. children play games without reasons 【解析】本文介绍了孩子们的不同于成人世界的游戏规则：简单而公平；而成人却对此迷惑不解。【答案】
　　1．A 答停止游戏。
　　2．B 这是一道细节题。从第二段倒数第二句可知，孩子们轮流担任游戏的领导者。
　　3．B 这是一道细节题。第二段第一句说明大人们认为孩子们的游戏太简单了。
　　4．A
　　5．C 这是一道细节推断题。根据第二段第三句可以判断出孩子们喜好游戏的原因是他们在游戏中扮演了与第二段第二句表明作者的态度，他认为做游戏对孩子们来说是很有好处的。通过以上两个例题可以看出，细节实事题大多可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字或相关的部分作为验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句。 Passage1(典型例题 Passage1(典型例题 Tired ot Working Your Country ! With over 500 instructors and 20 years of experience , we are the leader in the field of teaching foreign languages. We now have positions open in Osaka starting September / October 20 典型例题自己完全不同的角色。这是一道细节题。第一段第三句说明在做游戏时，他们可以根据自己的愿望在任何时候
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高考资源网（ks5u.com） instructors of English, German, Spanish and French.
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Teach many different kinds of classes using the latest technology in small classes of up to 3 students. Accommodation (住宿) , and other necessary documents (文件) will be ready before you leave. Applicants will teach their first language only. Excellent teacher training programs. If you are young with a university degree and are willing to experience different cultures, apply (申请) now. Experience in teaching is an advantage but not specially required. Knowledge of the Japanese language is not necessary but good English skills and practical computer knowledge are basic requirements. Apply with C. V. and send letters to.. NOVA France, Mr. Sampy (IHT3 / 2 ) 34, BE). Haussmann, 75009 Paris, France Fax. 33148 典型例题题 isit our website:www, teachjp, com The manager expects to meet and talk with successful applicants in Paris in June and July.
　　1. What 15 the purpose of the text ? A. To introduce a language school in Japan. B. To hire language teachers to work in Japan C. To describe working conditions in Japan. D. To make clear the requirements for Japanese teachers 答案: 答案: B 指导：根据第一段"We now have positions in OsakastartingSeptember／October 20 典型例题 nstructionOfEnglish，Getman，SpanishandFrench” ．可判断出这是一个招聘广告，目的是招聘在日本工作的语言教师。
　　2. We know from the text that those who are going to Japan will. A. teach English only in Osaka B. receive a degree from a university C. have free accommodation D. get trained for the job 答案: 答案: D 训。
　　3. Before going to Japan, you need . A. to see the manager of NOVA France B. to take some computer courses C. to write a letter to Japan D. to find a place to live 答案: 答案: A 指导：从广告的最后一句话"The manager expects to meet and talk with successful applicants in Paris inJune and July"可知在去日本前，应聘者要与 NOVA France 的经理见面。
　　4. If you want to work in Japan you should. A. have some working experience B. know how to use computers C. present good teaching plans D. speak several languages Passage 答案: 答案: B 指导：根据广告中的“Knowledge Of the Japanese language is not necessary but good English skills and practical computer know ledge and basic requirements"．可判断出应聘者必须知道如何使指导：广告中的 Excellent teacher training programs．告诉我们，到日本教学的教师将受到培
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高考资源网（ks5u.com）用计算机。 Passage 2 (典型例题) How Long Can People Live?
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She took up skating at age 85, made her first movie appearance at age 114, and held a concert in the neighborhood on her 121st birthday. When it comes to long life. Jeanne Calment is the world's recordholder. She lived to the ripe old age of 1
　　22. So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span(寿命)? If scientists come up with some sort of pill or diet that would slow aging, could we possibly make it to 150??or beyond? Researchers don't entirely agree on the answers. "Calment lived to 122, so it wouldn't surprise me if someone alive today reaches 130 or 135, "says Jerry Shay at the University of Texas. Steve Austad at the University of Texas agrees. "People can live much longer than we think, "he says. "Experts used to say that humans couldn't live past 1
　　10. When Calment blewpast that age, they raised the number to 1
　　20. So why can't we go higher?" The trouble with guessing how old people can live to be is that it's all just guessing. "Anyone can make up a number," says Rich Miller at the University of Michigan. "Usually the picks the highest number gets his name in Time magazine." Won't new anti-aging techniques keep us alive for centu ries? Any cure, says Miller, for aging would probably keep most of us kicking until about 1
　　20. Researchers are working on treatments that lengthen the life span of mice by 50 percent at most. So, if the average human life span is about 80 years, says Miller, "adding another 50 percent would get you to 1
　　20." So what can we conclude from this little disagreement a mong the researchers? That life span is flexible (有弹性的) but there is a

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